IMPACT OF INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID TREATMENT ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L. WALP)

Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) stands as a crucial food crop, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, known for its rich protein content. In certain semi-humid tropic regions, cowpea contributes more than half of the protein in human diets. Its nutrient profile, with approximately 63% carbohydrates, 25% proteins, and low fat content, along with various vitamins and minerals, makes it a highly valuable dietary source. Both the seeds and leaves of cowpea are edible, offering an affordable and high-quality plant-based protein option. Despite its numerous benefits, efforts to enhance cowpea production have yet to meet the demand within sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigates the impact of phytohormones, specifically synthetic auxins, on cowpea seedlings. Among these, Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), a critical phytohormone, plays a pivotal role in processes such as cell division, elongation, fruit development, and senescence. Understanding how auxins influence treated cowpea seeds could offer valuable insights for breeding new varieties with enhanced quality traits.