A SUCCESSFUL OBSTETRICAL APPROACH TO DYSTOCIA IN MARES DUE TO FETAL POSTURAL DEFECT

Abstract

Equine dystocia is a true emergency as it can lead to the death of the foal, mare, or both. The incidence of dystocia is less in equines as compared to other domestic animals. Dystocia in a full-term pregnant mare due to fetal postural defect is a challenging condition for equine practitioners. Malposition of long fetal extremities, head, and neck are the major causes of dystocia in mares. In this case report, we present a full-term pregnant mare who failed to deliver the fetus even after 10 hours of rupturing the water bags. The examination revealed knee flexion of the right forelimb of the fetus and a dried birth canal, indicating dystocia due to postural defect. After administering sufficient lubrication and correcting the postural defect, a dead female fetus was successfully delivered with coordinated forced traction. The mare was successfully treated with follow-up therapy and advice. Rapid appropriate intervention, correct diagnosis, and proper obstetrical approach are crucial for the survivability of the dam and foal, as well as the future fertility of the dam. Equine practitioners need to be aware of the possibility of dystocia due to fetal postural defects in full-term pregnant mares and be prepared to intervene early. Future research should focus on preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of dystocia in mares.