A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MEDICATION ERRORS IN PEDIATRIC INPATIENTS: LESSONS FOR IRAQ'S HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Abstract

Medication errors (MEs) are significant concerns in healthcare systems worldwide, with pediatric patients being particularly vulnerable. This systematic review examines the prevalence and nature of MEs in pediatric inpatients, focusing on lessons for Iraq's healthcare system. MEs encompass preventable errors that occur during the medication process, including prescribing, dispensing, and administration. Such errors can have adverse effects on patient outcomes and result in economic burdens. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive review of international literature to shed light on the prevalence and characteristics of MEs in pediatric inpatient settings. The systematic review identified several key findings. First, the incidence of MEs in pediatric patients is notably higher than in adults, making pediatric healthcare a critical area for improvement. Dosing errors were identified as the most common type of ME, highlighting the complexity of prescribing medication for children based on age, weight, and clinical condition. Antibiotics emerged as the most frequently involved drug class in MEs, emphasizing the need for stringent antibiotic use protocols. Furthermore, the study emphasized the vital role of clinical pharmacists in detecting, reporting, and preventing MEs. Clinical pharmacists' direct involvement in patient care, from medication review to counseling, can significantly enhance medication safety