EVOLVING DYNAMICS IN INDIA-BHUTAN RELATIONS: A FOCUS ON YOUTH ENGAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC CHALLENGES

Abstract

This abstract provides an overview of the evolving dynamics in India-Bhutan relations, with a particular focus on the role of the younger generation in shaping these relations. Since the historic Friendship Treaty of 1949, India and Bhutan have shared a close and prosperous relationship. However, recent developments in Bhutan's economy, polity, and regional dynamics have posed new challenges to this relationship.

The Friendship Treaty of 1949 played a pivotal role in shaping India-Bhutan relations, granting India substantial influence in Bhutan's foreign policy while maintaining non-interference in Bhutan's internal affairs. Over the years, this treaty has served the security interests of both nations. India's commitment to Bhutan's security was reaffirmed when Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru declared that any aggression against Bhutan would be considered an aggression against India.

In the 21st century, Bhutan has witnessed significant changes in its economic and political landscape, influenced by India's "carrot-and-stick" policy and China's growing presence in the region. These changes have given rise to a new generation of Bhutanese youth who find themselves at the center of evolving dynamics in the security and strategic perspectives of India and Bhutan.

Medha Bist, an analyst from the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies (IPCS), has noted that Bhutan's youthful population, constituting fifty percent of its demographic makeup, is becoming increasingly engaged as the country opens up economically. The engagement and experiences of this emerging generation will play a crucial role in shaping the future of India-Bhutan relations.

This abstract highlights the importance of understanding the evolving dynamics in India-Bhutan relations in the context of the younger generation's role. As Bhutan's youth become more active in economic and political spheres, their perspectives and choices will have far-reaching implications for the security and strategic interests of both countries and the broader South Asian region.