CONTROLLING MANGO MALFORMATION DISEASE IN SOUTH SENEGAL: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES

Abstract

The mango industry in Senegal has experienced a positive growth in recent years. However, it is currently facing numerous challenges, particularly diseases affecting the plants throughout their growth cycle. One significant issue during the rainy season is the devastating impact of anthracnose. Moreover, mango production is severely affected by malformation of inflorescences caused by Fusarium species in the southern region of Senegal. In 2018, a study was conducted to evaluate the significance and distribution of mango malformation disease (MMD) in the country. The findings revealed a geographical variation in both incidence and severity of MMD across different regions within the southern production basin. The disease predominantly affects the southern part of Senegal, with a considerably lower contamination rate detected in the northern production areas, specifically in the Thies region. Among the southern regions, MMD was most heavily concentrated in Sédhiou, with an incidence rate of 91.94% on mango tree populations and a severity rate of 55% of flowers on trees. Interestingly, no diseased plants were observed in the Tambacounda region, located in the east. To address this issue, it is crucial to implement effective strategies and measures to prevent the spread of MMD in South Senegal. These may include regular monitoring and surveillance of mango production areas, early detection and removal of infected plants, and the application of appropriate fungicides to control the disease. Additionally, it is essential to promote the use of resistant cultivars and adopt proper agricultural practices, such as crop rotation and field sanitation, to minimize the risk of MMD infection. By implementing these preventive and management techniques, it is possible to mitigate the impact of MMD on Senegal's mango industry and ensure the continued growth and sustainability of this vital agricultural sector