THE INTERPLAY OF ATTACHMENT, REJECTION SENSITIVITY, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENCY AMONG STUDENTS

Abstract

This review explores the relationship between rejection sensitivity, attachment, and alcohol use, with a focus on understanding the potential links and implications for mental health and well-being. The literature review reveals that various factors, such as genetic predisposition, adverse life circumstances, and social influences, contribute to problem drinking among young people. In particular, insecure attachment has been consistently associated with alcohol abuse and addictive behaviors. Moreover, rejection sensitivity, characterized by a fear of social rejection and corresponding behavioral responses, has been identified as a risk factor for depression, interpersonal aggression, and borderline personality disorder. Rejection sensitivity is also longitudinally and stably related to anxiety, depression, loneliness, and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Evidence suggests that rejection sensitivity is learned through experiences of social rejection, including harsh parenting, family conflict, early childhood trauma, and experiences of prejudice and exclusion.

This review further highlights the interconnections between attachment, rejection sensitivity, and relationship difficulties. Insecure attachment and rejection sensitivity are associated with both alcohol abuse and problematic relationships. Moreover, social support, which is influenced by attachment style, mediates the impact of child abuse and plays a crucial role in mitigating stress and trauma in adults. Social support is also implicated as a causal factor in alcohol abuse and is considered a key element in interventions targeting problem drinking behavior.

Additionally, the concept of psychological capital, encompassing hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism, has been applied to various domains, including personal relationships and health. Psychological capital has shown promising results in predicting better mental health outcomes and lower alcohol consumption. This construct serves as psychological resources that contribute to stress reduction, improved health, and overall well-being.

Overall, the findings suggest that rejection sensitivity, attachment, and social support are important factors to consider in understanding alcohol use and mental health outcomes. Future research should explore the complex