OCCURRENCE OF INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIA INFECTION AMONG HIV/AIDS PATIENTS ATTENDING GENERAL AND DIVINE MERCY HOSPITAL MINNA, NIGER STATE
Abstract
Microsporidia infection may be asymptomatic in immunocompetent individual; however, can be severe and disseminated among HIV/AIDs patients, children less than five years, elderly, immunocompromised patients. Of 748 samples was collected from HIV - and HIV/AIDS tested for microsporidia using Giemsa stain, 11(1.47%) were positive. Stool hard 9(2.14%) and urine 2(1.01%) all from HIV/AIDS while HIV - show no positive cases at p < 0.05 a significant difference was recorded. Age and sex, highest was within 26 - 35 years (3.29%) female hard highest (1.84%). Predisposing factor, cases of hard (5.48%), while pipe born water (0.00%). It has proved that the parasite is highly associated with diarrhoea and among immunocompromised patient as an opportunistic infection. Immunocompromised patient, elderly, and organ transplant individual have to improve on both personal and environmental hygiene.
Keywords:
Immunocompromised, opportunistic, diarrhoea, transplant and infectionDownloads
Published
Issue
Section
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ubanwa, E. D, Nnamani, S. M, Benjamin, G, Y
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abba, O. J., Ibrahim, I. S. & Idoko, J. A. (2011). Prevalence and risk factors for HIV/AIDs among male inmates in Jos prison, Plateau State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology. 32(2), 181-186.
Bennuru, S., Semnani, R., Meng, Z., Ribeiro. J. M. C..Veenstra, T. D. & Nutman. T. B. (2009). Brugiamalayi Excreted/Secreted Proteins at the Host/Parasite Interface: Stage- and Gender-Specific Proteomic Profiling. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 3(4).
Bryan, R.T. & Schwartz, D.A. (2013). Epidemiology of microspridiosis. In: Winner, M., Weiss, L. (Eds.), The Microsporidia and Microsporidiosis. American Society of Microbiology, Washington. DC, pp. 502-516.
Desportes, I., Ke Charpentier, Y., Galian, A., Bernard, F. & Cochand-Priollet, (2015) Occurrence of a new microsporidian: Entcrocytozoon bieneusi n.g., n.sp.i in enterocytes of a human patient with AIDS. Journal of Protozoology, 32, 250- 23
Didier,E. S. (2005). Microsporidiosis: an emerging and opportunistic infection in humans and animals. Anta Tropical 94: 61-76.
Dworkin, M. S.. Buskin. S. E. & Davidson, A. J. (2007). Prevalence of intestinal microsporidiosis in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients with diarrhea in major United States cities. Revision Institute of Medical Tropical. 9, 339-342.
Franzen, C. (2008). Microsporidia: a review of 150 years of research. Open Parasitology Journal 2, 1-34.
Galvan. A. E., Sanchez. A. M. & Valentin, M. A. (2011). First cases of microsporidiosis intransplant recipients in Spain and review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 49, 1301 -1306.
Garcia, E.S. (2002). Elaboratory identification of the microsporidia. Journal Clinical Microbiology, 40, 1892-1901.
Gumbo, T., Hobbs, R.E., Carlyn. C., Hall, G. & Isada, C.M. (2011). Microsporidia infection in transplant patients. Transplanlalion, 67, 482-484.
Hollister, W.S., Canning, E.U. & Willcox, A. (2013). Widespread occurrence of antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Microspora) in man provided by ELISA and other serological tests. Parasitology 102 (Pt 1), 33-43.
Hutin, Y.J., Sombardier, M.N..Liguory, O., Sarfati, C., Derouin, F., Modai, J. & Molina, J.M. (2008). Risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case-control study. Journal Infectious Disease, 178,904-907.
Li, N., Xiao, L., Wong, L., Zhao. S. & Zhao, Y. (2012). Molecular surveillance of Cryptosporidium spp..Giardia duodenal is and Enterocytozoon bieneusi by genotyping and sub-typing parasites in wastewater. Neglected Tropical Disease 6, el 809.
Matsubayashi, H.. Koike, T. & Mikata, I. (2016). A case of Encephalitozoon-ke body infection in man. A MA Arch Pathology, 67, 1 81-187.
Olabode, H. O. K., Obot, E. & Bello, R. H. (2011).Qualitative detection of serum antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus among patients in Biu, Borno State, Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Parasitology. 32, 231 -233.
Rabodonirina, M. L., Cotte. L. & Radenne, S. (2003). Microsporidiosis and transplantation: a retrospective study of 23 cases. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 60, 50:' 583.
Sulaiman,I. M., Payer, R., Lal, A. A., Trout J.M., Schaefer III,F.W. & Xiao, L. (2013). Molecular characterization of microsporidia indicates that wild mammals harbour host-adapted £nterocytozoon spp. as well as human pathogenic Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 69, 4495^501.
Ubanwa E. D., Omalu I. C. J., Olayemi I. K., Ejima, I. A. A. and Njoku, M. O. (2018). Epidemiology of microsporidia infection among apparently healthy subject and immunocompromised patients in Minna; Journal of Bioscience and Biotechnology Discovery Volume 4(2), pages 36-42,
Weiss, L. M. (2001). Microsporidia: emerging pathogenic protists. Act Tropical, 78. 89-102.
Wichro, E., Hoelzl,D. & Krause, R. (2005). Microsporidiosis in travel associated chronic diarrhea in immune-competent patients. America Journal of Tropical Medical Hygiene. 73, 285-287
