GENDER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS-BASED ITEM BIAS IN COMPUTER-BASED EXAMINATIONS IN IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE

Abstract

This study is aimed at detecting gender and socio-economic-based item bias in computer-based examinations at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Grounded in the Classical Test Theory and using the instrumentation research design, a sample of 483 second-year students from various departments was analyzed. The primary tool for data collection was the General Studies Assessment Exam (GNS-AE). Results revealed specific items in the examination that favoured certain groups based on gender and socioeconomic status (SES). Specifically, items were identified that favoured male students, students from low socioeconomic backgrounds, and those residing on campus. This study underscores the need for regular item analysis to ensure fairness and accuracy in test results, advocating for the elimination or modification of biased items. The importance of test fairness in educational decision-making cannot be overemphasized, and as such, ongoing training for test developers and the incorporation of advanced analytical systems is recommended.